|
BRACHYCEPHALY |
- Premature closure of coronal / lambdoid sutures. This limits growth in an antero-posterior direction.
- The cranium is therefore high, wide and has a decreased length, i.e. short tall skull.
- Cephalic index of >83
- The orbits may be shallow and oblique resulting in proptosis.
Oblique 3D bone surface CT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Video clip of 3D surface CT of premature fusion of
inferior coronal suture
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSOCIATED SYNDROMES |
Syndromes associated with brachycephaly
- Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome (Autosomal dominant inheritance).
- Brachycephaly.
- Maxillary hypoplasia.
- Hypertelorism and shallow orbits
- Prominent ear crus extending from the root of the helix across the concha. Ears are small.
- Cutaneous syndactyly (usually second or third and/or third or fourth toes).
- Brachydactyly and clinodactyly of the fifth finger.
- Pfeiffer Syndrome (Acrocephalosyndactyly).
- Cornelia de Lange
syndrome.
- Chondrodysplasia punctata.
- Down Syndrome.
|
REFERENCES |
- Reardon W, Winter RM.
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. J Med Genet 1994;31:393.